Fusobacteria are gram-negative, anaerobic bacilli. Fusobacteria was first reported as a pathogen connected to appendicitis in 1886. Recent studies have also revealed that acute appendicitis cases can often be linked to a local infection of Fusobacteria species.
Although Fusobacteria can be isolated from fecal samples of healthy humans in relatively high densities, research has found that these bacteria may be linked to inflammation. Increased abundance of Fusobacteria can be linked to ulcerative colitis and colon cancer.
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